Tuesday, February 19, 2019

Alesha MacPhail murder trial: Boy, 16, denies killing six-year-old girl

The teenager also denied abducting and raping the six-year-old, who had been holidaying on the Isle of Bute.
The boy, who cannot be named because he is under 18, told the High Court trial: "I have never met Alesha MacPhail."
The body of the schoolgirl, who died from significant pressure being applied to her face and neck, was discovered in a wooded area on 2 July last year.
Alesha, from Airdrie, North Lanarkshire, was only days into a summer break in Rothesay when she was killed.
At the High Court in Glasgow, the teenager has lodged a special defence claiming the crime was committed by 18-year-old Toni McLachlan, the girlfriend of the victim's father.

'Friends with benefits'

The accused claimed he had sex with Ms McLachlan, who then planted his DNA - from a used condom - at the scene.
In previous evidence, Ms McLachlan insisted she did not have sex with the accused and had nothing to do with Alesha's death.
The boy was called as the first witness for the defence after the prosecution closed its case.
Alesha MacPhail
The teenager said he had been having sex with Ms McLachlan "fairly frequently". He said that from October 2017 they were "friends with benefits" and were "meeting up, having sex, smoking joints".
This arrangement lasted most of the winter and stopped when he got back together with a former girlfriend, the court heard.
He said that early on 2 July, he and Ms McLachlan were messaging on Instagram, and he had asked her for cannabis. She said she had none, but asked if he wanted to meet for a cigarette.
The accused said they met in a shelter outside the home where she was staying with Mr MacPhail, Alesha and her grandparents, then went to a garage and had sex, before going their separate ways.

'Just speculating'

The teenager said that out of concern for Ms McLachlan, he had lied to his mother and the police about having had sex.
Defence QC Brian McConnachie asked the accused about a video he posted on social media that day which showed the top half of his body with the written message "found who done it".
He replied: "It was a video of my feet walking to the bathroom and the camera points up to the mirror and I pretend to get a fright and it says 'found who done it'."
Asked why he did that, he said: "People were talking about who might have done it and one of my friends said my name and I didn't want to take it to heart so I just thought I would build on it."
Mr McConnachie said: "You were making people know you were responsible."
The accused replied: "No, we didn't even know it was a murder at that time, we were just speculating."

Special defence

Questioned about messages he exchanged with a friend where he says he might "kill one day for the lifetime experience", he said these were "not serious".
The teenager has lodged a special defence of incrimination, blaming Ms McLachlan.
In her evidence at the trial, Ms McLachlan denied being responsible for Alesha's death, saying she "loved" Alesha.
She also denied suggestions by the defence that she had sex with the accused on 2 July, then planted his semen on Alesha, before "attacking and brutalising her" and murdering her.
The trial, before judge Lord Matthews, continues.

What the trial has heard so far

Presentational grey line

Why is the BBC not naming the accused?

It is illegal in Scotland to publish the name, address, school or any other information which could identify anyone under the age of 18 who is the accused, victim or witness in a criminal case
This law applies to social media as well as to websites, newspapers and TV and radio programmes.
However, the name of victims who have died can be published - so the BBC and other outlets are able to identify Alesha MacPhail.

How can an accused blame someone else for the crime?

Ahead of their trial, the accused can lodge a special defence such as self-defence (they were defending themselves from attack), alibi (they were somewhere else when the crime was committed) and mental disorder (the accused is not responsible for their actions because they were suffering from a psychiatric condition).
In this case, the accused has lodged a special defence of incrimination, which means he has claimed that someone else (Toni McLachlan) was responsible.
However, the Crown must still prove the guilt of the accused beyond reasonable doubt. There is no onus on the accused to prove their special defence is true, and he or she can still be acquitted even if the jury does not believe their special defence.

Ren Zhengfei: Huawei's reclusive founder

With his personal fortune estimated at about $1.7bn, his company currently employs 180,000 workers around the globe - and its annual revenue is forecast to be $125bn (£96bn) this year.
Mr Ren is something of a recluse, but in the past few weeks he has been talking to journalists, defending his firm amid rising pressure from the US and other countries over security concerns about Huawei's role in building 5G networks across the world - and the nature of its links to China's government.
"We would rather shut Huawei down than do anything that would damage the interests of our customers," he countered. "I support the Communist Party of China, but I will never do anything to harm any other nation.
"Some people in the West believe that Huawei's equipment is stamped with some sort of ideology. That is as silly as people smashing textile machines back during the industrial revolution. We only provided equipment to telecom operators and that equipment does not have an ideology."
Chinese President Xi Jinping is shown around the offices of Huawei by Ren Zhengfei, president of Huawei, in LondonImage copyrightREUTERS
Image captionSome argue that Huawei is being used by Beijing so it can spy on rivals
Born in 1944, he went to Chongqing University and then joined a People's Liberation Army research institute at the height of the disruption caused by the country's 1960s Cultural Revolution.
"There was chaos almost everywhere, including in agriculture and industry," he told reporters.
"Every Chinese person was allotted only one-third of a metre of cloth. That amount could be used only for patching, so I never wore clothes without patches when I was young."
As an engineer he was sent to help build a synthetic clothing factory in Liaoyang, northeast China.
"Conditions were harsh," he said. "Our housing was very shabby so we constantly felt cold. The temperature could drop to -28C. The supply of meat and cooking oil was very limited - there was no supply of fresh vegetables at all."
Yet Mr Ren says he was happy there: "If you read too many books in other parts of the country you could get criticised. The factory was probably one of the few places that people could read.
"We had to, to understand how the equipment worked."
Members of the Red Guards carry large portraits of Mao Tse Tung as they parade through the streets of Beijing, 1967Image copyrightGETTY IMAGES
Image captionUp to three million people are believed to have been killed during China's Cultural Revolution
In 1978, two years after Chinese leader Mao Zedong's death, he finally joined the Communist Party having invented a key tool used for testing advanced equipment at the clothing factory.
Mr Ren said that he had not been allowed to do so before, because of his father's links with the losing nationalist side in China's civil war. During the 1960s, his father had been labelled a "capitalist roader" - a pejorative term for those considered to be trying to restore capitalism - and imprisoned.
Mr Ren had hoped to become the equivalent of a lieutenant colonel in the army, but instead was demobbed in 1983 when China cut back its engineering corps.
After moving to Shenzhen in southern China and working in the country's infant electronics sector, he was eventually able to collect enough money to found Huawei.
He has two children from his first marriage - both working for Huawei - Meng Wanzhou and Meng Ping, who both took their mother's name to avoid "unnecessary attention".
Annabel Yao, his daughter from his second marriage, is a Harvard computer science student, ballerina and keen Instagrammer. Mr Ren's third wife is Su Wei, who was reportedly formerly his secretary.
In December, his eldest daughter - and Huawei's chief financial officer - Meng Wanzhou - was arrested in Canada at the request of the US amid fraud allegations over the company's ties to a telecoms firm that did business in Iran.
Meng Wanzhou, Chief Financial Officer of Huawei,Image copyrightEPA
Image captionMeng Wanzhou has been released on bail and is currently facing a US extradition request
Mr Ren said he trusted the Canadian and US legal systems would "reach a just conclusion", but that "as Meng Wanzhou's father, I miss her very much".
Perhaps surprisingly, given the war of words over trade between Washington and Beijing, Mr Ren is an admirer of US President Donald Trump: "I still believe he was a great president in the sense that he was bold to slash taxes. I think that is conducive to the development of industries in the US."
The firm is privately owned by thousands of employees, which he said means it could work "truly for our ideas and for the greater good of society".
Despite the pressure from the US on countries not to use Huawei kit, Mr Ren said he is upbeat about the future. The company has more than 30 commercial 5G contracts and has already shipped 25,000 5G base stations.
"As long as we develop very compelling products, there will be customers who will buy them."

Brexit: What trade deals has the UK done so far?

If the UK leaves the EU without a deal on 29 March, it would lose these trade deals immediately.
To avoid this, Theresa May's government says it wants to replicate the EU's trade agreements "as far as possible" and have them ready to go in the event of a no-deal Brexit.
Liam Fox, the international trade secretary, told MPs in January last year that the government wanted to achieve "continuity and stability" by ensuring that the UK would continue to benefit from these arrangements.
So how much progress has been made?

Six out of 40

The UK has (so far) only agreed six deals.
These include relaxing certain rules, reducing taxes (tariffs) on imports and exports, or granting easier market access.
The "continuity" agreements the UK has struck are:

Israel

The deal was formally signed on 18 February. It allows businesses to continue to trade as they do now after 29 March - without any additional tariffs or barriers.
The government says the agreement could save the UK vehicle industry up to £9m a year in tariff charges.
According to the Office for National Statistics (ONS), total trade (imports and exports) between the UK and Israel was worth £3.9bn in 2017.

Palestinian Authority

The UK-Palestinian Authority agreement was signed by Liam Fox and Abeer Odeh, Minister of National Economy in Ramallah on 18 February.
Total trade between the two £25m in 2017, according to ONS figures.
The UK government says the deal will benefit Palestinian exporters of fruit, nuts and olive oil.

Switzerland

Under the UK-Switzerland agreement, which was confirmed in Bern on 11 February, tariffs (taxes on goods) will continue to be avoided on the vast majority of goods traded between the two countries.
Without the deal, the UK government says the motor industry could have faced up to £8m in tariff charges, while aluminium exporters could have faced up to £4m.
The Department for International Trade says that trade between the UK and Switzerland was worth £32.1bn in 2017.
An additional agreement was also signed in Bern by Liechtenstein's Minister for Foreign Affairs, Aurelia Frick. It applies the main parts of the Swiss-UK trade deal to her country too.

The Faroe Islands

The Faroe Islands is the UK's 114th largest trading partner, according to the government. Total trade between the two countries was worth £236m in 2017.
Fisherman shovelling ice on to a bucket fish in the Faroe IslandsImage copyrightGETTY IMAGES
Image captionThe UK imported more than £200m worth of fish from the Faroe Islands in 2017
Fish and crustaceans made up the vast majority of UK's imports from the Faroes in 2017, worth £201.7m, while total UK exports to the country were worth only £6m - mostly machinery and mechanical appliances.
The UK government says that the agreement it has reached will mean consumers continue to benefit from greater choice and lower fish prices "such as Atlantic salmon, haddock and halibut".

Eastern and Southern Africa and Chile

Trade between the Eastern and Southern Africa (ESA) region was worth £1.5bn in 2017 - about 0.1% of total UK trade. The UK-ESA deal covers Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles and Zimbabwe.
Meat and fish are the main goods imported from the region by the UK (£111m).
Signed at the end of January, the UK-Chile trade arrangement was the first to be done. Total trade between the UK and Chile was £1.8bn in 2017.
Fruit, nuts and drinks are the top goods imported by the UK. The government says the deal will help to protect parts of the UK's wine industry.

Mutual recognition agreements

UK's main trading partners - bar chart
The UK has also signed deals with the United StatesAustralia and New Zealand, but these are "mutual recognition agreements" and not free trade agreements.
The Australia and New Zealand deal replicates all aspects of the current EU agreements when it comes to recognising product standards, such as the labelling and certifying of wine.
The US agreement will, according to the Department for International Trade, particularly benefit the pharmaceutical sector which accounts for around £7.7bn of UK exports to the US - about 18% of the total.

'Challenging'

But it may not be possible to roll over all of the 40 deals by 29 March, according to one government minister.
George Hollingbery, a minister in the International Trade Department, told MPs last month that some of the EU trade agreements would be "challenging", adding that "one or two" would be "close to impossible" to get in place by the end of March.
Turkey was highlighted by Mr Hollingbery as one country where a deal would be very difficult to achieve, given it is in a customs union with the EU.
The current lack of signed trade agreements is not a surprise to Alan Winters, director of the UK Trade Policy Observatory at University of Sussex.
"You can't simply roll over everything - these existing agreements will have references to EU law, so you cannot avoid some negotiation," he says.
Some countries may also be apprehensive in signing deals right now, given that it is so unclear what Brexit will ultimately look like, adds Prof Winters.
So what could the consequences be if trade arrangements are not fully in place by 29 March and the UK leaves with no deal?
With the countries where the UK has no formal trade agreement, both would have to trade under the rules overseen by the World Trade Organization (WTO).
Trade would not stop if this were to happen but some barriers would go up, says Alex Stojanovic, from the Institute for Government think tank.
"There is a reason you have trade agreements, it's that they give you better trade preferences than WTO terms.
"So some businesses will be harmed by tariffs coming into play," he says.

Alesha MacPhail murder trial: Boy, 16, denies killing six-year-old girl

The teenager also denied abducting and raping the six-year-old, who had been holidaying on the Isle of Bute. The boy, who cannot be named...